ִ ã ڿܼ 뿪 ְ, , ڿܼ Ϻ ִ ֽϴ. а ڱ ΰ ִ Ұմϴ. ¾ ü , , () ãƾ մϴ. ʿ ڱĴ κ ¾κ , ¾ Ʈ 250nm 2,500nm , Ư, ñ 뿪 ϴ.
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ñ, ѹ Ǯ ״ ‘ ִ ’, , ΰ ִ ڱ , 뷫 750nm 380nm 뿪(RGB )Դϴ. , شϴ 555nm . ϴ ñ̰ ܼ ڿܼԴϴ. Ȯ ǥڸ, ϴ ‘1,004W/’ ߿ ñ ‘445W/’, ܼ ‘527W/’, ڿܼ ‘32W/’ شմϴ.
ѳ ش ʹ Ƽ аϱⰡ , ϸ鼭 ӵ ̷ Ͽ 巯ϴ. ӵ 299,792km/sec ȿ (650nm) 197,948km/sec, (400nm) 195,840km/secԴϴ. ӵ ӵ ش. ӵ Ƿ ũ ̰ ˴ϴ. ģ , ִ 鵵 Ͽ ϸ , Ͼ Ǹ ֹ ϴ. ֹ սǷ ݴ Ÿ. ̴ ˰ ˴ϴ. ------, 7 Ͽµ, װ ñ 7(seven) ٰ մϴ.
Ƿ, ̺ ߰ , ⼭ Ķ ϵ Ͽ, 6 , , ̸ ȯ . 750~620nm(656nm, ϰ ) , 400~484THz, 1.60~2.00eV̰, Ȳ 620~590nm(600nm) , 484~508THz, 2.00~2.10eV̸, 590~570nm(587nm) , 508~526THz, 2.10~2.17eVԴϴ. ʷ 570~495nm(555nm) , 526~606THz, 2.17~2.50eV̰, Ķ 495~450nm(454nm) , 606~668THz, 2.50~2.75eV̸, 450~380nm(410nm) , 668~789THz, 2.75~3.26eVԴϴ. ñ ٽ Ͽ Ÿϴ.
翬 鵵 . ִ 뿪 ΰ ణ ٸ Դϴ. , ִ ã ڿܼ 뿪 ְ, , ڿܼ Ϻ ִ ֽϴ. а ڱ ΰ ִ Ұմϴ. ¾ ü , , () ãƾ մϴ. ʿ ڱĴ κ ¾κ , ¾ Ʈ 250nm 2,500nm , Ư, ñ 뿪 ϴ. ̴ ִ 뿪Դϴ. , ڿܼ, ñ, ܼ Ͽ . ڿܼ ִ 4 µ, 븦 鼭 ༺ ư, ȯ濡 2 ȭǾ Ǿϴ. Ż밡 Ǿ Ⱑ 鼭, Ư ȰϿ ŵ ã, ; Ǵϴ ɷ ߿, ü ̸ ȭǸ鼭 ٽ 3 Ǿٴµ, ̷ν κ ϴ ɷ . ܷ ΰ 3 뼺 , ٸ ο麸ٵ ̶ϴ. ڿܼ ܵǾ ̸ ϴµ, ϸ û Ǵµ, ̴ 3 ڿܼ ϱ .
ѳ ش ʹ Ƽ , , ش 츮 ֽϴ. , , ϸ Ÿ 츮Է . β 100km ϰ, 6,371km Ͽ غ ģ طκ 1,100km ̸ մϴ. ̳ ϸ 11質 β ϰ . 鼭 ڵ鿡 Ͽ ǰ ˴ϴ. 翬 츮 ϸ, Ǵ Ͽ Ӱ ¾, ˺ Ȳȥ ˴ϴ.
ϴ Ǹ 鼭 ϴ ϳ ϴ. ª ǰ ᱹ ָ, ϴ ü . ̸ ϴ ̷ ‘ϸ (Rayleigh scattering)'Դϴ. 庸 ξ ڵ鿡 ϴ ̷, ª ڵ , ź , ȯ Ͼ ʴ Ͼ. nm , ũ 1nm Ĩϴ. , , Ķ 3.5 ˴ϴ. , ϴ ĶԴϴ. ̷ ũ ñ 迡 ̸ϴ. 쿡 ñ ̰ ˴ϴ. ̳ Ȱ Ͼ . Ͽ Ͼ ֽϴ. , 츮 ̴ ѻ, Ķ ϴð Ͼ Դϴ. dz. ̷ ñ ÷̴ ϴ. ܼ ƴϰ ڿܼ ƴ. TV 鼭 ų . ϴ.
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غ. ̳ Ȥ Ͼ 繰 , ̷κ Ư ݻ簡 Ǿ 츮 忡 شϴ ˴ϴ. ݻϸ Ͼ, ݻǴ , ϸ , ϸ . Ͼ, Ͼ ƴ, Ư 쿡 ü մϴ. ٴ ǹ̿ ÷̵ Դϴ. ٸ, ü ߱ ƴ϶, 츮 , . ÷̴ Ϳ մϴ.
(primary color) ȥϿ ִ, մϴ. ̶ ΰ θ ǹմϴ. , 3 , 2 ȥϿ 1 ٴ ǹ̰ . 3 (R), ʷ(G), Ķ(B) ȥ(additive color mixture) شմϴ. , ȥϿ ϴ. ݴ 3 ο ȥ. , Ȳ, , ٸ ؼ , ð RGB 忡 ΰϰ ϱ ̸ 3 մϴ.
, ÷̴ RGB 3 ȥ ٸ , ̴ ȭ ⺻ ȭҿ شմϴ. ȭҴ ѹ ‘ ’̸, ‘’ picture '' element, , picture elementκ ȼ(pixel)̶ ܾ . RGB ȭ ȿ R G , B Ͽ ȭ(sub-pixel)̶ մϴ. Ȥ ⸦ Ű Ͼ W(white) ȭҰ ߰DZ մϴ. ȭҵ鿡 RGB ⸦ ϸ鼭 پ ⸦ پ . ̷ ȭҵ 2 迭Ǿ ũó մϴ.
̷ . 19 Ĺ ȭ (pointillism), ǥϿϴ. Ŀ óũ ǥ ȭ. ȭ ֽϴ. ÷ ȭ ũⰡ ٸ, ȭ ȭ ũⰡ ۾鼭 ϰ ǥ ְ. ÷ ػ ȭ ˴ϴ. , ȭҵ ԵǴİ ػ ߿ ô Ǵ Դϴ. ̴ PPI(Pixels Per Inch) Ȯ ѵ, PPI 1ġ ȿ ȭ ǹմϴ. PPI ǥ ִ ȭ ̹ ǥ . ᱹ ÷̿ RGB 3 3 ȭҵ ȭҸ ̷, ȭҵ 2 ȭ ϴ. ȭҵ Ǹ鼭 ٸ RGB , ȭҴ 3 ȭҵ ȥյǸ鼭 پ , ȭҸ پ , پ ȭ鿡 . ȭ ȭҵ, ִ, Ǵ 캾ϴ.
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÷̴ ȭƮ 2, Ȥ ⸦ ȭѰ ̸ ǥϰ, ̳ʰ ϴ ÷̴ ʾ ǥϱ մϴ. ÷̰ ǥ ִ Ÿ ġ ɵ(color depth), ̸, ǥ δ Ʈ(bit) մϴ. Ϲ ɵ ÷̴ ڿ ϰ, ɵ ÷ϼ ȭ پϰ ڿ ǥ ֽϴ. ɵ Ʈ ڽϴ. ⺻ Ʈ 0 1 ̷ Դϴ. Ϲ 0 (off), 1 (on) . TV , ȭҸ ǥ 0, 1̶ ϸ ÷̴ ȭҸ , 2 . Ʈ 2 ̹Ƿ 2 Ʈ ϸ ˴ϴ. , ‘2 1 = 2’̹Ƿ ǥ ִٴ ̸, TV ɵ 1Ʈ ÷Դϴ.
̹ ÷ TV غ. ÷ TV Ϲ R, G, B, 3 ȭҷ ΰ ̵ ǥմϴ. Ƿ ⺻δ R 1, 0 2 ɼ ִٸ G B 2 ɼ ֽϴ. ̷ Ǹ ‘2 3 = 8’ Ǹ鼭 8 . ȭ Ʈδ 1Ʈ̸, ȭ Ʈδ 3Ʈ Ǵ Դϴ. ̶ ǥǴ 2 غ ȭ R=1(), G=0(), B=0() , ȼ ˴ϴ. R=1, G=1, B=1 Ͼ ǰ, R=1, G=1, B=0 R G ˴ϴ. ȭҸ 0 ǰ. ܼ 쿡 ȭҴ 3Ʈ, 8 θ ǥϰ, ȭҵ 鸶 ܰ ‘£’ ‘’ ֽϴ. ̸ (gradation) մϴ. ‘’ ǹ̷ ‘̹ £ κп ܰ’ε, ϸ ο(£) κа () κ ǥϴ ǹմϴ. , Ŭ ǥ Ƿ ڿ ǥ˴ϴ. 3 ȭҵ, RGB 3 3Ʈ ɵ ϸ, ‘2 3 = 8’ ǰ, ȭҰ ǥ ִ ‘2 3 x 2 3 x 2 3 = 2 9 = 512’ ˴ϴ. ȭ ɵ 8Ʈ 쿡 ȭ 256 ǰ, ȭҰ ִ 16,777,216 . , ȭҰ ִ ‘2 R Ʈ x 2 G Ʈ x 2 B Ʈ ’ ˴ϴ. ǰ S ‘HDR10’ ɵ ȭ 10Ʈ, ‘ ’ ȭ 12Ʈ Դϴ. ̶, ‘HDR10’ 1,073,741,824, 10 ǥϰ, ‘ ’ 68,719,476,735, 68 ǥ ֽϴ. , κ TV, , Ʈ ÷̵ ȭ 8Ʈ, ȭ 24Ʈ ɵ , 256 1,677 ÷ ǥմϴ.
ɵ ϴ , , ⸦ ϴ ÷̸ ٸ ũԴ ̳ ȭ ȭ ⸦ ϸ, ̷ν .
LCD ȭŰ鼭 ȭҵ ⸦ ϸ, OLED ȭ ⸦ մϴ. ̿ ȭҵ Ⱑ ǰ, ȭҵ Ǹ鼭 ÷ ȭ鿡 پ ǥ˴ϴ. ȭҵ Ǵ, ˾ƺ .
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ȭҵ , ȭ鿡 ? ȭҵ ȣ ΰǾ ϴ. ȣ ַ () Ȥ . ΰǸ , ũ Ǹ , Ⱑ Ǹ ϴµ, δ LCD, δ OLED ǥ. ̵ ̵ ȭҰ ۵Ϸ ʿմϴ. Ȯ ܻ 쿡 ȭҸ, Į 쿡 ȭҸ ʿ. ȭ ()ȭҵ ϴ ũ 2 ϴ. ȭ ؿ Ǿ Ǹ (direct driving)Դϴ. ڸ ǥ ִ 7-Ʈ ̿ ش. , µ, ٴ ƴ ð迡 ð ǥÿ Ǵ 7 (ȭҿ ش) Ǿ ־ 7-Ʈ Ҹϴ. , Ʈ ǰ Ʈ ϸ ּ 9 ʿ. ȭҼ , ȭҼ Ҽ մϴ. Ϸʷ 640 x 480 ȭҿ ּ 614,400 ʿϸ, Į ȭҸ RGB ȭҰ 쿡 614,400 x 3, 200 ϴ. ȭ, ȭ ȭҷ ǥϸ, ܻ ȭ, Ȥ Į RGB ȭҷ ϸ ˴ϴ.
̿ ȭ ŭ ʿ ϴ ذϰ ̱ Ʈ (matrix driving)Դϴ. ̴ ذ Ǿ ġ κп ȭҰ մϴ. μ μ, ̿ ΰǰų, Ͽ 帣 ġ ȭҰ . ̶ μ ݺ 鼭 ð ΰǾ ̸ ֻ缱(scan line)̶ ϸ, μ ȭҵ鿡 ʿ ϰ ִٰ ֻ缱 ɸ ȣ ΰǾ ȣ(signal line)̶ մϴ. , ֻ缱 ð ΰ ƿ ɸ , ȣ а ̷ Ͽ ش ġŭ ΰǰų, 帣 ˴ϴ. , 640 x 480 ȭҰ ִ ȭ鿡 ȭҿ ƴ 640 + 480, , 1,120 ذ ˴ϴ.
ٸ, ȭҵ ϰ, Ϸķ Ǿ ־ ȭҿ ΰǴ ̳ ȣ Ϻΰ ̿ ȭҷ Ѿ (crosstalk) ϴ ϴ. , ֻ缱 Ҽ Ⱑ ϴ ϴ. , ȭ鿡 ֻ缱 ϳ , ֻ缱 Ǵµ, ̷ 츮 ֻ ӵ Ͽ ذմϴ. , ػ ų ȭ Ŀ鼭 ֻ缱 ڲ ϰ Ǹ ϳ ֻ缱 ð پ, ᱹ Ⱑ ϴ Ѱ迡 εĨϴ.
̿ ȭҰ ذϱ ȭҸ Ī ڿ () ڸ ġϴ Դϴ. Ī ڴ õ ȭҸ ۵ ֵ Ͽ ̿ ȭҵ鰣 ذϰ, ڴ ֻ缱 Ŀ ٽ ƿ ȣ , ȭҿ ν ذմϴ. Ī ڷδ ڸ Ʈ(Thin Film Transistor, TFT) ϰ, ڷδ Ŀн(Storage Capacitor, SC) մϴ. ̿ ȭ, Ȥ ȭҸ ڸ ƮͿ Ŀн ȭҵ ϴ ɵ Ʈ(Active Matrix, AM) , ռ ܼ Ʈ ϴ Ʈ(Passive Matrix, PM) ̶ մϴ. ܼ ڳ ǥ, ÷̰ ƴ κ ÷̵ ɵ Ʈ ̿մϴ. ɵ LCD(AM LCD), ɵ OLED(AM OLED) , Ƹ(Amoled) ⼭ Ī̳. ϸ, ÷̿ ȭҵ ϴ ũ , Ʈ зϰ, Ʈ ٽ ɵ ϴ. ٴ Ʈ ϵ δ ̰ Һ µ ҽŰ ȿ ְ, Ʈ ٴ ɵ Ʈ ũ ػ ȭ , . ÷̸ ٷ ϴ.
<ȣ ̾ >
“ ְ ظ ϰ , ο ڷ پϿ ǥ , ٶϴ.”
<۱ڨ 'öƽ̾' - .>
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