ϹǷ ڵ Ƽ Ͽ ̰ ο . , ڵ (ڱ) ռǾ ӿ ο ӵ, ο İ ˴ϴ. ϴ Ư ӿ ִ ¿ µ, ̷鼭, ⼺ ٸ, , Ī ƴ϶ ¿ ӵ .
LCD, Ư, , Ɽ(2)>>
, LCD Ǵ ʿ 캸. ̷ , , (polarization of light) (polarizer), (birefringence), Ȱ(optical activity) ϰ մϴ. տ õ Ɽ Ư Ͽϴ. ̷ Ɽ Ư . ̳ ڱ, ϸ Ī Ǿ ʴ DZ ϰ, Ȱ ʴ Ȱ մϴ. ̿ 忡 ϴ - ȿ(electro-optic effect), ڱ忡 츦 ڱ- ȿ(magneto-optic effect), ϴ 츦 ź(photo-elasticity) ȿ մϴ. LCD - ȿ ̿. , ð ڵ Ģ 迭 ·, ־ ̶ ġ鿡 üó ̵ ֽϴ. ַ LCD ̿Ǵµ, ġ ַ Ͽ Ư¡ , ƽ 쿡 ̸ ġ ֽϴ. , ƽ , ̰ ġ θ , ̷ . , ݷ Ͽ ġǾ ֽϴ.
ĵθ ִµ, ڱİ ĸ ϴ ̳ ڱ Ư ϴ մϴ. 1809 ߰ߵǾµ, ڿ ڱ پϰ ԵǾ ־ (unpolarized light)Դϴ. Ϲ ǹ ڱĴ ϴ ȥյ ¸ , Ư ̳ Ϳ ڸ . , ̳ ϴ ڱĴ ϴ ڱ ̷ϴ. Ϲ ̿Ͽ ¸ ϴµ, ڱĸ ̷ ڱ ʹ ϰ, ũⰡ ϱ , ͷ մϴ. ̶ x y, ͷ . z մϴ. ϴ · ȭϸ, κ ڱĿ Ӿ ȭϴµ ڱ ʿ ֺ ƴմϴ. ð xy Ͱ ϴ° 찡 ְ ̳ Ÿ 찡 ֽϴ. (linear polarization), (circular polarization), Ÿ (elliptical polarization) ˴ϴ.
, Ȥ 鿡 ϴ е Ư 쿡 شմϴ. ͵ ȭϴ , ȭ Դϴ. , ¿ (left-circular polarization) (right-circular polarization) з˴ϴ. ƴ , , ͵ ũ ٲ鼭 ȸϴ 찡 Ÿ شǴµ, ̴ Ϲ ̸, ǹ̿ Ÿ մϴ. ڿ մϴ. ̹漺 ־ , θ մϴ. LCD ʿ ġ Ͽ Իǵ ϰ, 迭 Ȱ Ư ̿Ͽ ȭŰ鼭 ϴ . ȭ ݴʿ ġ Ͽ ɷ鼭 Ǵµ, ̶ ɷ LCD ȭ شմϴ. , Ϲ LCD ̿մϴ. OLED ϴµ, ̴ ȭ Ȯϰ ǥϰ ߿ܽμ(߿ܿ ȭ ִ ) Ȯϱ ؼ. Ȯ ǥϱ ؼ ݻ縦 ּȭ ʿ䰡 ִµ, ݻ縦 մϴ. LCD ϴ ̶ OLED մϴ.
1699 ٸ縮 ؼ ó Ͽµ, ̹漺 ٸ , Ի ϴ մϴ. , ӵ . Ϲ ӿ ĵ , Ȥ ڱ ڰ ȣ ۿ մϴ. ϹǷ ڵ Ƽ Ͽ ̰ ο . , ڵ (ڱ) ռǾ ӿ ο ӵ, ο İ ˴ϴ. ϴ Ư ӿ ִ ¿ µ, ̷鼭, ⼺ ٸ, , Ī ƴ϶ ¿ ӵ . , ڵ Ī 迭Ǿ ʾ ̷ ڳ ٸ Ÿ Դϴ. Ͽ, , , (optical axis) (ordinary ray), ϴ (extraordinary ray)̶ ϸ, ̷ , ̷ ü մϴ. Դϴ.
Ȱ Դϴ. , ηų ־ , ȸǰ, , ( ) ؼ ȸŰ, , ȸŰ ֽϴ. ̸ Ȱ̶ . ̳ ̳, öƽ, Ÿ, , Ȱ ٸǷ ȸ Ͽ ֽϴ. öƽ ð ӵ ұϷ Ÿ κ Ȱ ˾Ƴ . ð ̸ ֽϴ. 캸, 1 ڷ Ų , Ȱ Ű ٽ ŭ ߳ ִ ڸ ϴ Դϴ. Ȱ ȸ ɷ ȸ Ÿµ, Ȱ ϸ鼭 ȸϴ β ϴ. ̴ µ , ̸, . Ȱ Դϴ. , LCD ڸ ĵ ڿ ԻϿ ڵ 迭 ϴ ġ. , , Ȱ Ǿ ۿ մϴ.
LCD, >>
LCD 캸. Ϲ (transmissive-type), ɵ , (normally white mode) TN-LCD Ͽ θ ڽϴ. , ÷ г ڸ Ȥ 鿡 ġ , LED ǰ ݻ, Ȯ, Ʈ ϸ鼭 ϰ г Ʒ ǿ մϴ. θ ϴ ɷ . ̷ Ʒ ϸ鼭 ȭҵ鿡 մϴ.
ȭ ִ ȭҵ, ̿ TFT Ī ڰ , TFT ° Ǹ ȭҿ ũ ȣ ΰǰ, п Ͽ ̰ ˴ϴ. , Ʒ ǰ ̿ ִ ڵ ʱ, , ǵ鰣 ΰDZ ǵ ̿ 90 Ʋ ִµ, ΰǸ鼭 . , Ŀ Ʋ پϴ. ȭҿ ȭҺ . ȭҿ ִ Ʋ θ ٲ鼭 մϴ. Ȱ Ư . , ȭҿ ΰ ʾƼ 90 Ʋ ״ ϰ , ڵ 迭 90 Ʋ ° ǰ, ΰǴ 쿡 Ʋ پ ŭ Ʋ ˴ϴ. ̷ ȭ麰 Ʋ ϴ ǿ Ǿ ִ Į Ϳ մϴ.
Į , RGB Ǿ RGB ȭҸ ϰ , ȭҺ ֽϴ. Į ϸ鼭 RGB . Į Ͱ ǿ Ǿ ִ ǿ մϴ. ǿ Ʒ ǿ 90 Ǿ ֽϴ. , 90 Ʋ ǰ ġϹǷ ְ, Ʋ پ Ǵ 絵 پ ˴ϴ. , ΰ 쿡 , ũⰡ Ҽ , ñ Ʋ Ի ¿ ʾ ǰ ġǴ ΰ ν . ̻ ÷ г ϴ ‘,’ TFT ۵ ȭҸ ϰ ȣ ϴ ‘ɵ ,’ ΰ RGB ‘ ,’ Ʒ ǿ DZ 90 Ʋ ̿ϴ ‘Twisted Nematic(TN)’ LCD ۵ Դϴ.
Ǵ ݻ(reflective-type), (transreflective-type) LCD ְ, Բ (normally black mode) , TN Բ STN , ݷ ֽϴ. ־ ̴ , ū Ʋ κ . ̵ ڸ ٷ Դϴ.
LCD, ⺻ >>
LCD ⺻ ϴ , г (Ʒ) ո() ̵ϸ鼭 ̾ϴ. Ϲ (transmissive-type), ɵ , (nor-mally white mode) TN-LCD մϴ.
, ϴ Դϴ. ſ (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp, CCFL) Ͽµ, 2010 ķ LED üDZ Ͽ LCD LED մϴ. , ȿ Ͽ RGB, , . LED ֵ 鼭 ַ г 麸ٴ 鿡 迭˴ϴ. г ϴ ְ, г Ʒ ÷ִ ݻ ֽϴ. ÷ ϴ Ȯ ְ, ϴ , , Ʈ . ĸ (Back Light Unit, BLU) մϴ.
δ ϴ Ű ִµ, Ʒ ܺο Ǿ . ݴʿ ȸ 輱 RGB ȭҵ ϱ TFT, Ŀн, Ǿ ֽϴ. ٷ 迭ϱ ⸷ ġǾ . ̷ Ʒ TFT (÷) , ĸ Ȥ , θϴ. ÷ , , Ȥ ̶ . TFT ǰ Į ̿ 迭 , ̳ ̼ ˴ϴ. ÷ ʿ ״ RGB ÷ Ͱ Ǿ , RGB ȭҵ ̿ ȣ ϱ Ʈ(Black Matrix, BM) . Į Ϳ Ʈ ΰϱ ذ ⸷ ġǾ ֽϴ. ÷ ٱʿ ϸ鼭 ȸ ִ Ǿ . , ̾ ġ г, Ŀ ۶ öϴ.
̻ TFT ǰ ÷ LCD г, Ȥ (cell)̶ ϰ, LCD гο BLU, ȸ(Integrated Circuit, IC)Ĩ μ ȸ (Printed Circuit Board, PCB) LCD ̶ մϴ. ݺʹ LCD гκο TFT , ÷ , LCD ο BLU, ȸκ ̾ڽϴ.
<ȣ ̾ >
“ ְ ظ ϰ , ο ڷ پϿ ǥ , ٶϴ.”
<۱ڨ 'öƽ̾' - .>
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